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High Density Plastic Granules(H.D.P.E)
HDPE is the hight density version of PE. This has hardness, stiffness and strength. It can be used for making hard plastic items.
HDPE is known for its large strength-to-density ratio.[3] The density of HDPE can range from 0.93 to 0.97 g/cm3 or 970 kg/m3.[4] Although the density of HDPE is only marginally higher than that of low-density polyethylene, HDPE has little branching, giving it stronger intermolecular forces and tensile strength than LDPE.
The difference in strength exceeds the difference in density, giving HDPE a higher specific strength.[5] It is also harder and more opaque and can withstand somewhat higher temperatures (120 °C/ 248 °F for short periods).
Low Density Plastic Granules(L.D.P.E)
LDPE is the low density version of PE. This has less hardness, stiffness and strength compared to HDPE, but better ductility. It is opaque and only thin foils can be transparent.
LDPE is defined by a density range of 0.910–0.940 g/cm3. It is not reactive at room temperatures, except by strong oxidizing agents, and some solvents cause swelling. It can withstand temperatures of 80 °C continuously and 95 °C for a short time. Made in translucent or opaque variations, it is quite flexible and tough.
LDPE has more branching (on about 2% of the carbon atoms) than HDPE, so its intermolecular forces (instantaneous-dipole induced-dipole attraction) are weaker, its tensile strength is lower, and its resilience is higher.
Linear Low-density Polyethylene (LLDP)
LLDP has penetrated almost all traditional markets for polyethylene; it is used for plastic bags and sheets , plastic wrap, stretch wrap, pouches, toys, covers, lids, pipes, buckets and containers.
The production of LLDPE is initiated by transition metal catalysts, particularly Ziegler or Philips type of catalyst. The actual polymerization process can be done either in solution phase or in gas phase reactors.
Usually, octene is the comonomer in solution phase while butene and hexene are copolymerized with ethylene in a gas phase reactor.
Polypropylene (P.P)
Polypropylene is in many aspects similar to polyethylene, especially in solution behaviour and electrical properties.
The density of PP is between 0.895 and 0.92 g/cm³. Therefore, PP is the commodity plastic with the lowest density. With lower density, moldings parts with lower weight and more parts of a certain mass of plastic can be produced.
Unlike polyethylene, crystalline and amorphous regions differ only slightly in their density. However, the density of polyethylene can significantly change with fillers.